30 years Ago, the american writer Stephen King published the novel of terror It (in English That), a monster that uses the town of Derry to attack and terrorize, preferably, to children and adolescents.
Since October 2013, as a social phenomenon has been taking place every Halloween (the feast of anglo-saxon origin), young adults and children dress up as this character of clothing and make-up, flamboyant to cause terror, according to anthropologist Stephen Cross Child.
The first case occurred in the town of Northampton in England. The identity of the subject was a mystery that the residents of that city were in charge of discovering, tracking its whereabouts with a hashtag and a group of Facebook. Alex Powell, a film producer of 22 years, was behind the disguise.
from that moment, there was a massive effect. Dozens of young people began to imitate him in France, where they came to cause problems of public order during October 2014; took to the streets armed with knives, sticks and metal bars.
In 2015, the social phenomenon came to the united States, and this year cases have been reported in the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Sweden, France and Mexico.
The sociologist explains that "today, social networks increase the speed of the information between people" and "the character of the clown promotes anonymity; the makeup erases the identity of the holder". And he added that it is likely that the phenomenon also reaches Latin America. "This type of trends are presented first in the developed countries, which have more connectivity," he says.
The episode most severe recorded occurred ten days ago in Varberg, in western Sweden, when a man disguised as a clown stabbed a young man, causing minor injuries to his shoulder. In the locality Danish Frederiksværk, north of Copenhagen, the other caused last week a car accident to scare the driver, though this one was unharmed.
Explanations of the phenomenon
Stephen King said on one occasion that "monsters are real, and ghosts also. They live inside us, and sometimes, they win".
The neuropsychologist Nury Lugo asserts that this type of violence in the media generate a domino effect. "After seeing the impact that has on the situation, generally, the young people, try to imitate it and multiply it". These, he says, still with a personality in formation, "feel the need to feel that they have accomplished something." So, also, Lugo says that personal failure leads some people to commit "acts contrary", that is called cognitive dissonance —it is the internal tension of the system of ideas, beliefs, and emotions that perceived by a person to maintain simultaneously two thoughts that are in conflict.
Cruz points out that the fear towards this character is "ancestrally challenged" and allows an approach to the evil and the fear "without face fully the horror". This situation promotes the spread of his image and his aesthetic between people motivated by the celebration of the Halloween.
Lugo also says that by their very nature, human beings try to hide a part that are not interested in others know. "That’s why, many times, people lie because it is a way to create another reality". The problem, says the neuropsychologist is that some hide behind the guise of a conduct disorder. Under the condition of anonymity, "we give reins loose to a pathology and a need to harm or assault".
a Feeling of intense fear, tremors, anxiety, tachycardia and difficulty breathing are some of the symptoms of the coulrofobia; the name that has been given to the irrational fear of clowns, sinister or not. According to experts of Knox College, in Illinois, the emergence of the serial killer John Wayne Gacy, in 1970, responsible for more than 33 dead that he buried in the garden of his home in Chicago, increased the level of association of the clowns to something terrifying. Wayne came to the birthday child using the nickname "pogo the clown".
The neuropsychologist Lina Rosa also says that the horror movies about clowns have increased the mistrust of these characters.
Lugo said that the children are afraid of clowns, because it’s a figure of "asynchronous". "For an infant has no consistency to see a person with an image as grotesque; eyes very makeup, nose and mouth large, hair dishevelled, huge shoes and a high-pitched voice". Even for adults, she adds, is an image relatively incomprehensible.
Cruz attributed the terror to cultural factors, in addition to biological. "In recent years, through the films, he has taught the people that the clown is evil (…) A study revealed that 40% of the world’s population is afraid of clowns," he says.
also Quotes the case of the clown the franchise for Mcdonald’s, "which has been out of the merchandising, because it scares the children." In his most recent book, this sociologist quotes the anthropologist Claude Levi-Strauss, who said that "the act of hiding the face eliminates the possibility of recognizing the subject, so that it can act without restrictions, evading the social sanction and causing fear among those around him".
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